Introduction and summary of recommendations

To reduce the risk of contracting and spreading COVID-19, people were urged to wash their hands frequently. A common response was: “How can we wash our hands without water?”
Water security is essential for life and livelihoods but COVID19 has shown that South Africa’s water security is tenuous and declining. If this continues, the next crisis that South Africa faces could be caused by widespread failures of water services.
There are many challenges that need to be addressed: